分析了2016—2017年泗河流域20个断面水体TN、TP和Chl.a的季节变化与空间分布特征,并利用对数型幂函数普适指数公式对水体营养状态进行了评价,讨论了影响氮、磷营养盐分布的因素及其环境效应。结果表明,2016—2017年泗河水体中TN的平均质量浓度为5.52±2.83 mg·L-1,TP为0.24±0.25 mg·L-1,Chl.a为36.56±26.98 μg·L-1。水体中氮营养盐季节差异不明显;磷营养盐季节差异较大(p＜0.01),秋季TP浓度约为夏季的2倍。氮、磷营养盐具有明显的空间分布特征,在泗河支流济河、蒲山河与干流交汇处、沂河与干流交汇处两区域内浓度较高。总体来看,泗河流域的主要污染物为TN,其处于“重富”营养化状态(EI=67.60)。工业废水和生活污水的点源污染是泗河污染的主要来源,畜禽养殖和农业的面源污染也具有重要贡献。综合2011—2021年TN、TP年际变化数据分析发现,TN浓度在2016—2017年达到峰值后逐渐降低,2021年TN浓度较2016年降低约70％,近年来通过对泗河流域生态环境的治理、污染排放的控制,其水质状况得到显著改善。
Abstract
The seasonal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of TN, TP and Chl.a in 20 sections of the Sihe river from 2016 to 2017 were analyzed. The water nutritional status was evaluated by using the universal index formula in the form of a logarithmic power function, and the factors affecting the distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, and their environmental effects were discussed. The results showed that the average mass concentration of TN, TP and Chl.a in Sihe river from 2016 to 2017 were 5.52±2.83 mg·L-1, 0.24±0.25 mg·L-1 and 36.56±26.98 μg·L-1. The seasonal difference of nitrogen nutrients in water was not obvious; the seasonal variation of phosphorus nutrients was significant (p＜0.01), and the TP concentration in autumn was about twice of that in summer. The nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the Sihe river had obvious spatial distribution characteristic. The two areas with higher content were the confluence of the Jihe river, the Pushan river, and the Yihe river. Overall, the main pollutant in Sihe river was TN, which was in the state of severe eutrophication. The point source pollution of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage was the main source of the Sihe river pollution, and the non-point source pollution of livestock and poultry breeding and agriculture also made an important contribution. Based on the analysis of the annual variation data of TN and TP from 2011 to 2021, it was found that the TN concentration reached peak in 2016—2017 and then decreases gradually. The TN concentration in 2021 was about 70% lower than that in 2016. In recent years, the water quality of the Sihe river has been significantly improved through the treatment of ecological environment and the control of pollution discharge.
关键词
泗河 /
TN /
TP /
Chl.a /
富营养化
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Key words
the Sihe river /
total nitrogen /
total phosphorus /
chlorophyll-a /
eutrophication
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基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900500,2019YFD0901401);山东省农业农村厅项目(kj2021hx045);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所级基本科研业务费(20603022020006,2020TD12)
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